Jail
when the ball is in a position where it cannot be swung at or advanced at all, or in any normal way (e.g., in thick trees, bushes) 
 
Jar
another term for the hole or cup (also "can")  
 
Jumper
a shot that flies farther than intended or a lie that causes the ball to fly farther than intended
Usually caused by long grass and/or water that gets between the ball and clubface at impact causing a substantial decrease in backspin.  (Also "jump, flier, flyer, shooter, squirt")

 
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